Girazi fiber indasitiri yekutsvagisa chishuwo: Inoumbwa zvinhu modhi, kutenderera uye kukura zvinogara

1 Girazi fiber composite zvinhu modhi, inoshandiswa kune akasiyana siyana ehupfumi hwenyika

1.1 Girazi faibha - yakakwira kuita inorganic isiri-simbi zvinhu

Girazi faibha yakakwira kuita zvinhu, zvakasiyana siyana zvekushandisa.Girazi faibha yakazvarwa mu1930s, iri pyrophyllite, jecha requartz, limestone, dolomite, borite, boromite uye mamwe mamineral raw materials uye boric acid, soda ash uye mamwe makemikari ekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvisiri zvesimbi.Iine huremu huremu, simba repamusoro, yakakwirira uye yakaderera tembiricha kuramba, corrosion resistance, heat insulation, flame retardant, sound absorption, magetsi ekudzivirira uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakanakisa uye imwe dhigirii rekuita basa, chinhu chakanakisa chinoshanda uye chiumbwa zvinhu.Mumakore achangopfuura, girazi fiber thermoplastic yakasimbiswa zvinhu zvakakura nekukurumidza, uye zvigadzirwa zvitsva senge girazi faibha yakasimbisa zvivakwa zvekuvaka, mapfupi faibha uye refu fiber yakananga yakasimbiswa zvinhu zvave zvitsva zvekusimudzira kwegirazi fiber indasitiri.Kushandiswa kwegirazi faibha kwakawedzera kubva kuminda yechinyakare maindasitiri senge zvekuvaka, midziyo yemagetsi, njanji, petrochemical, kugadzira mota kuenda kuminda iri kusimukira yakaita seaerospace, kugadzirwa kwesimba remhepo, kusefa nekubvisa guruva, engineering yezvakatipoteredza, uye engineering yegungwa.

Iyo yemhando yemusimboti yakasiyana, uye girazi fiber mhando dzakasiyana.Zvinoenderana neyakasiyana chigadzirwa fomu uye maitiro ekugadzira, kambani yegirazi fiber zvigadzirwa zvinogona kukamurwa kuita roving, shinda yakarukwa, roving zvigadzirwa, spun shinda zvigadzirwa zvikamu zvina.Kutenderera kunosanganisira shinda yakananga, shinda yeply uye shinda pfupi yakadimburwa;Shinda yakanaka inogona kupatsanurwa kuita yekutanga shinda yakamonyoroka, yakapetwa kaviri, shinda yakawanda uye yakananga shinda.Zvigadzirwa zvekutenderera zvinosanganisira multi-axial jira, plaid jira, kunzwa;Zvigadzirwa zveshinda zvinosanganisira machira emagetsi uye machira emaindasitiri.Zvinoenderana neakasiyana matrix resin zvinhu zvakafananidzwa, inogona kukamurwa kuita thermosetting girazi fiber uye thermoplastic girazi faibha mapoka maviri.

Iyo matrix resin inoenderana negirazi fiber ye thermosetting resin ndeye phenolic resin, urea-formaldehyde resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated resin, polyurethane zvichingodaro.Thermosetting resin ndeye mutsara kana branched-chain polymer isati yapora, uye mushure mekupisa kupisa, chemikemikari zvisungo zvinoumbwa pakati pemacheni emamorekuru kuti ive matatu-dimensional network chimiro, iyo inoumbwa kamwe uye isingagone kudziyiswa zvakare.Inonyanya kushandiswa muminda inoda kuzadzisa kupisa kwekudzivirira, kupfeka kusagadzikana, kusungirirwa, kukwira kwemhepo uye zvimwe zvinokonzeresa, senge mashizha emhepo uye mapuranga edunhu.

Iwo matrix resin anoenderana negirazi fiber ye thermoplastic resin anonyanya kuve polyolefin, polyamide, polyester, polycarbonate, polyformaldehyde zvichingodaro.Thermoplastic resin yakakwira molecular huremu hwakasimba pakamuri tembiricha, iine mutsara kana mashoma branched cheni polymer, hapana muchinjiko-inobatanidza pakati pemamorekuru, chete ne van der Waals simba kana hydrogen bond kukwezvana.Mukuita kuumbwa, iyo thermoplastic resin inopfava uye inoyerera mushure mekumanikidza kupisa, isina kemikari kuyambuka, uye inogona kuumbwa muforoma, uye zvigadzirwa zvine chimiro chinodiwa zvinogona kugadzirwa nekutonhodza.Inonyanya kushandiswa kuwana kuomarara, corrosion kuramba, kuneta kuramba uye zvimwe zvinokonzeresa zvemunda, senge kugadzira mota, midziyo yemumba, midziyo yemagetsi, zvekuvakisa.Mushure meiyo thermoplastic girazi fiber composite yaporeswa uye yatonhodzwa, inogona kuramba ichisvika kumvura nekudziisa uye ine yakanaka kudzokorodza.

Girazi faibha yekugadzira tank kiln ndiyo huru, crucible waya yekudhirowa zvishoma nezvishoma inobviswa pamusika.Kune maviri makuru egirazi fiber kugadzira maitiro, ayo akakamurwa kuita maviri ekugadzira - crucible waya yekudhirowa nzira uye imwe yekugadzira - dziva kiln waya yekudhirowa nzira.Crucible waya yekudhirowa nzira: iyo dhizaini yakaoma, girazi rakasvibirira rinonyungudutswa mugirazi bhora pakupisa kwakanyanya, uye ipapo bhora regirazi rinonyungudutswa kaviri, uye iyo yekumhanyisa waya yekudhirowa inogadzirwa kuita girazi fiber shinda.Pool kiln waya yekudhirowa nzira: iyo mbishi se pyrophylla inonyungudutswa muchoto kugadzira girazi mhinduro, uye mabhuru anobviswa uye anoendeswa kune porous leakage ndiro kuburikidza nechani, uye girazi fiber inodhonzwa nekumhanya kukuru.Iyo honi inogona kubatanidza mazana emapuleti anodonha kuburikidza nematanho akawanda panguva imwe chete.Kana ichienzaniswa neiyo crucible waya yekudhirowa nzira, dhizaini yekubikira waya yekudhirowa iri nyore, kuchengetedza simba uye kuderedza kushandiswa, kugadzikana kuumbwa, kugona kwakanyanya uye goho rakakura, uye yakanakira kugadzirwa kwakakura-otomatiki, kwave kugadzirwa kwepasirese. maitiro, uye girazi fiber dimension inogadzirwa neiyi maitiro inoverengera inodarika 90% yekubuda kwepasirese.